Phono cartridge
A **phono cartridge** is the removable part of a **turntable’s tonearm** that holds a **stylus (needle)** and converts the record’s groove vibrations into an **electrical audio signal**. It’s the component responsible for “reading” the grooves and producing sound for playback.
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Meaning of “phono cartridge” (en-US)
A **phono cartridge** is the removable part of a **turntable’s tonearm** that holds a **stylus (needle)** and converts the record’s groove vibrations into an **electrical audio signal**. It’s the component responsible for “reading” the grooves and producing sound for playback.
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Types and key features
Common cartridge types include **moving magnet (MM)** and **moving coil (MC)**. They differ in how they generate the signal and typically in output level and loading requirements. Important specifications include **stylus type** (e.g., elliptical, line-contact), **tracking force** (how much downward pressure is used), **compliance** (how the cantilever responds to groove modulation), and **frequency response**. Proper alignment and correct tracking force help reduce distortion and record wear.
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How it’s used in a system
The cartridge output usually goes to a **phono preamp** (or a turntable with built-in phono stage). Many systems require **RIAA equalization** to match the way vinyl records are cut. Some cartridges are designed for specific preamp loading (especially MC), so matching the cartridge to the phono stage can affect sound quality.
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